一項研究說，大腦成像而不是標準化的測試可能有助于預(yù)測哪些誦讀困難兒童有可能隨著時間推移而改善他們的閱讀能力,。大約20%的誦讀困難兒童在長到成年的時候閱讀技能得到改善,，但是這種補償?shù)幕A(chǔ)尚不明確，而且閱讀能力的改善很難預(yù)測,。Fumiko Hoeft及其同事對25位誦讀困難兒童和20位相同年齡的對照兒童用廣泛使用的標準化閱讀與語言測試評估了其閱讀能力,，并且對其進行了腦成像。這組作者在2.5年后重復(fù)進行了這種測試和成像,，從而尋找與閱讀改善有關(guān)的大腦測量或標準化測試結(jié)果,。這組作者報告說，標準化測試沒能預(yù)測未來的閱讀改善,。與對照組相比,，大腦的右半球有更多的活動和結(jié)構(gòu)連接的誦讀困難兒童表現(xiàn)出了閱讀能力的更大的改善。此外,，整個大腦的激活模式比對任何一邊大腦測量都能更好地預(yù)測閱讀的改善,。這組作者說，如果在將來針對更大規(guī)模受試者的研究中得到證實,，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能表明大腦成像可能成為一種預(yù)后工具,，去預(yù)測誦讀困難兒童的閱讀能力改善。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1008950108
Neural systems predicting long-term outcome in dyslexia
Fumiko Hoefta,b,1, Bruce D. McCandlissc, Jessica M. Blacka,d, Alexander Gantmana, Nahal Zakerania, Charles Hulmee, Heikki Lyytinenf, Susan Whitfield-Gabrielig, Gary H. Gloverh, Allan L. Reissa,b,h, and John D. E. Gabrielih
Abstract
Individuals with developmental dyslexia vary in their ability to improve reading skills, but the brain basis for improvement remains largely unknown. We performed a prospective, longitudinal study over 2.5 y in children with dyslexia (n = 25) or without dyslexia (n = 20) to discover whether initial behavioral or brain measures, including functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), can predict future long-term reading gains in dyslexia. No behavioral measure, including widely used and standardized reading and language tests, reliably predicted future reading gains in dyslexia. Greater right prefrontal activation during a reading task that demanded phonological awareness and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (including arcuate fasciculus) white-matter organization significantly predicted future reading gains in dyslexia. Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) of these two brain measures, using linear support vector machine (SVM) and cross-validation, predicted significantly above chance (72% accuracy) which particular child would or would not improve reading skills (behavioral measures were at chance). MVPA of whole-brain activation pattern during phonological processing predicted which children with dyslexia would improve reading skills 2.5 y later with >90% accuracy. These findings identify right prefrontal brain mechanisms that may be critical for reading improvement in dyslexia and that may differ from typical reading development. Brain measures that predict future behavioral outcomes (neuroprognosis) may be more accurate, in some cases, than available behavioral measures.
