當小鼠處于孤立條件下,,海馬狀突起產(chǎn)生更多的神經(jīng)干細胞,,等待比較好的時期
神經(jīng)元掃描顯微鏡圖片(圖片來自維基共享資源 Nicolasp P. Rougier)
【Towersimper注:本文為譯文,僅用作研究之用,,不得用作商業(yè)開發(fā),,轉(zhuǎn)載請標明翻譯者towersimper】
[The Scientist: June 15, 2011 by Jessica P. Johnson] 哥倫比亞醫(yī)學中心的研究人員第一次提出證據(jù)表明海馬狀突起(hippocampus)中的神經(jīng)干細胞的數(shù)量可能不是固定的,能夠被變化的環(huán)境條件所改變,,其中海馬狀突起是大腦中負責記憶,、學習和情感的區(qū)域。通過比較小鼠暴露在刺激的環(huán)境下和在孤立,、壓力的環(huán)境下的海馬狀突起的變化情況,,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些處在孤立條件下的小鼠海馬狀突起產(chǎn)生的神經(jīng)干細胞數(shù)量要比處于刺激中的小鼠多,其中這些神經(jīng)干細胞分化后只能產(chǎn)生神經(jīng)元,。
研究人員提出假設(shè),,即在壓力或窮乏情況下,,大腦通過堆積神經(jīng)干細胞讓自己做好準備,,這樣它就能適應刺激性較大的環(huán)境條件下的要求,因為人們已知刺激的環(huán)境能促進更多神經(jīng)元的產(chǎn)生,。這些研究結(jié)果,,2011年6月9日在線發(fā)表在Neuron雜志上,展示了一種新形式的神經(jīng)可塑性(neural plasticity),。進一步對促進神經(jīng)元和神經(jīng)干細胞產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境因素和產(chǎn)生的機制進行研究,,有可能給患有神經(jīng)退化性疾病(如阿爾茨海默病和帕金森病)的病人帶來新的治療方法。
Alex Dranovvsky et al., "Experience Dictates Stem Cell Fate in the Adult Hippocampus", Neuron, Volume 70, Issue 5, 908-923, 9 June 2011, doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.022.
[Abstract]
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in cognitive and emotional processes, as well as in response to antidepressant treatment. However, little is known about how the adult stem cell lineage contributes to hippocampal structure and function and how this process is modulated by the animal's experience. Here we perform an indelible lineage analysis and report that neural stem cells can produce expanding and persisting populations of not only neurons, but also stem cells in the adult hippocampus. Furthermore, the ratio of stem cells to neurons depends on experiences of the animal or the location of the stem cell. Surprisingly, social isolation facilitated accumulation of stem cells, but not neurons. These results show that neural stem cells accumulate in the adult hippocampus and that the stem cell-lineage relationship is under control of anatomic and experiential niches. Our findings suggest that, in the hippocampus, fate specification may act as a form of cellular plasticity for adapting to environmental changes.
\\生命科學論壇\\ towersimper
towersimper博文:http://bbs.bioon.net/bbs/home.php?mod=space&uid=139460&do=blog&id=91837
歡迎進入towersimper空間 !
注:版權(quán)所有,,歡迎轉(zhuǎn)載,,轉(zhuǎn)載請注明來源作者。