接種疫苗是預防傳染病的極為有效的策略,，但是這種預防或治療的效果可能需要數(shù)天到數(shù)周才能生效,。理想的免疫接種應該是即時的，而且可以應對毒素和惡性細菌,。
Carlos Barbas及其同事報告了一個提供即時免疫的系統(tǒng),，他們的系統(tǒng)通過用專門的銜接分子改造自然抗體而起作用，然后這可以把免疫細胞導向目標,。這組科學家報告說注射了這種銜接分子的小鼠導致了抗體形成,，后者自然地結(jié)合起來并且可以針對癌細胞。當小鼠接受特定的結(jié)腸癌和黑色素瘤移植之后,，這些銜接分子鎖住了腫瘤,，引發(fā)了它們的滅亡。這組作者說這種"可編程疫苗接種"的優(yōu)點是,，除了可以對付各種癌癥,，它可能有效應對一大類病毒病原體，例如艾滋病病毒和流感病毒,。這組作者說，這種方法還可能提供一個應對生物恐怖主義的策略,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS March 2, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0900147106
Instant immunity through chemically programmable vaccination and covalent self-assembly
Mikhail Popkov, Beatriz Gonzalez, Subhash C. Sinha and Carlos F. Barbas III,1
The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and the Departments of Molecular Biology and Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
Abstract
The ability to instantly create a state of immunity as achieved in the passive transfer of hyperimmune globulin has had a tremendous impact on public health. Unlike passive immunization, active immunization, which is the foundation of vaccinology, is an anticipatory strategy with inherent limitations. Here we show that elements of active and passive immunization can be combined to create an effective chemistry-driven approach to vaccinology. Reactive immunization was used to create a reservoir of covalent polyclonal antibodies in 3 mouse strains that were subsequently engrafted with syngeneic CT26 colon or B16F10 melanoma tumors. Upon administration of designed integrin αvβ3 and αvβ5 adapter ligands, the induced covalent polyclonal antibodies self-assembled with the adapter ligands and the animals mounted an instant, chemically programmed, polyclonal response against the implanted tumors. Significant therapeutic responses were observed without recourse to adjuvant therapy. The chemically programmed immune responses were driven by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-directed cytotoxicity. We suggest that this type of chemistry-driven approach to vaccinology is underexplored and may provide routes to vaccines to protect against diseases that have proven intractable to biology-driven vaccine approaches.
