從古至今人類(lèi)一直都在追求長(zhǎng)生不老,,如今這個(gè)夢(mèng)想似乎不再遙不可及了。據(jù)英國(guó)《每日電訊報(bào)》10月5日?qǐng)?bào)道,,科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種能夠延年益壽的藥物,,而且已經(jīng)在小白鼠身上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),首次獲得成功,。
這種神奇的藥物就是由亮氨酸,、異亮氨酸和纈氨酸這3種氨基酸組成的混合物,學(xué)名“支鏈氨基酸”,。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,,研究人員給被試小白鼠喝的水里加入了這3種氨基酸,,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的壽命平均達(dá)到了869天,而普通小白鼠則只能存活大約774天,。也就是說(shuō),,“支鏈氨基酸”使小白鼠的生命延長(zhǎng)了12%。
在延長(zhǎng)壽命的同時(shí),,小白鼠的機(jī)體內(nèi)還發(fā)生了一系列積極的生物反應(yīng),,比如細(xì)胞得以攝取更多的能量、自由基減少等,。自由基是機(jī)體氧化反應(yīng)中產(chǎn)生的有害化合物,,具有強(qiáng)氧化性,可損害機(jī)體的組織和細(xì)胞,,進(jìn)而引起慢性疾病及衰老效應(yīng),。經(jīng)過(guò)這些體內(nèi)變化,小白鼠看起來(lái)充滿(mǎn)活力,,而且肌肉協(xié)調(diào)能力有所提高,。
研究人員介紹說(shuō),“支鏈氨基酸”是一種十分重要和有效的營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)劑,,它可以幫助生物體自然地,、沒(méi)有任何副作用地增強(qiáng)肌肉或獲得更多能量。去年,,科學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種氨基酸混合物在延長(zhǎng)單細(xì)胞酵母壽命上的巨大作用。
“人類(lèi)首次證明了氨基酸混合物能夠延長(zhǎng)小白鼠的壽命,,”這項(xiàng)研究的主要研究員,、來(lái)自意大利米蘭大學(xué)的恩佐·尼索里教授表示。他還指出,,如果在此基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)明氨基酸補(bǔ)劑,,那么它很可能在未來(lái)造福人類(lèi),對(duì)于老年人或病人有很大幫助,,尤其是那些患有以細(xì)胞能級(jí)降低為特征的疾病的人,,比如心力衰竭或慢性肺病患者等。
這個(gè)新學(xué)說(shuō)已經(jīng)刊登在新一期的美國(guó)科學(xué)雜志《細(xì)胞—代謝》(Cell Metabolism)上,。
前不久,,俄羅斯科學(xué)家弗拉基米爾·斯庫(kù)拉喬夫宣布,他研制出一種可以抗衰老的藥物,,有望兩年內(nèi)投入市場(chǎng),。他自稱(chēng)這種新藥能夠消除氧化對(duì)人體的負(fù)面影響,避免患上老年病,,從而延長(zhǎng)壽命多達(dá)數(shù)十年,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦英文摘要:
Cell Metabolism doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2010.08.016
Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation Promotes Survival and Supports Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Middle-Aged Mice
Giuseppe D'Antona, Maurizio Ragni, Annalisa Cardile, Laura Tedesco, Marta Dossena, Flavia Bruttini, Francesca Caliaro, Giovanni Corsetti, Roberto Bottinelli, Michele O. Carruba, Alessandra Valerio, Enzo Nisoli
Recent evidence points to a strong relationship between increased mitochondrial biogenesis and increased survival in eukaryotes. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been shown to extend chronological life span in yeast. However, the role of these amino acids in mitochondrial biogenesis and longevity in mammals is unknown. Here, we show that a BCAA-enriched mixture (BCAAem) increased the average life span of mice. BCAAem supplementation increased mitochondrial biogenesis and sirtuin 1 expression in primary cardiac and skeletal myocytes and in cardiac and skeletal muscle, but not in adipose tissue and liver of middle-aged mice, and this was accompanied by enhanced physical endurance. Moreover, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) defense system genes were upregulated, and ROS production was reduced by BCAAem supplementation. All of the BCAAem-mediated effects were strongly attenuated in endothelial nitric oxide synthase null mutant mice. These data reveal an important antiaging role of BCAAs mediated by mitochondrial biogenesis in mammals.