據(jù)國(guó)外媒體5月2日?qǐng)?bào)道,由英國(guó)和德國(guó)科學(xué)家組成的研究小組首次確認(rèn)了垃圾DNA對(duì)于霍奇金淋巴瘤細(xì)胞等癌細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)的促進(jìn)作用,。而這一名為長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列(LTR)的垃圾DNA片段也可在其他種類(lèi)的癌癥中發(fā)揮作用,。相關(guān)研究發(fā)布在近期出版的《自然·醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上。
英國(guó)利茲大學(xué)的康斯坦茲·波尼佛教授和德國(guó)柏林查理特大學(xué)的斯蒂芬·馬薩博士表示,,研究人員已在霍奇金淋巴瘤內(nèi)證明了垃圾DNA在何種情況下能夠保持活性,,從而加快腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)速度。事實(shí)上,,這一機(jī)理在其他與血液相關(guān)的癌癥發(fā)展過(guò)程中同樣適用,,這對(duì)于類(lèi)似病癥的診斷、預(yù)斷和治療均具有重要意義,。
長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列是一種基因物質(zhì),,其在人類(lèi)基因組的“駐扎”歷史已逾百萬(wàn)年。雖然長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列源自病毒且具備侵害性,,但其在子宮孕育胚胎時(shí),,一般處于失活的狀態(tài),。如果垃圾DNA的失活過(guò)程不能正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列就會(huì)激活腫瘤基因,??茖W(xué)家此前在基于動(dòng)物的研究中已提出了這一可能。
此次研究首次證實(shí)了這一設(shè)想,,即長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列能夠加快人體惡性腫瘤的增長(zhǎng)速率,。研究著重就源自白細(xì)胞(抗體產(chǎn)生的B淋巴細(xì)胞)的霍奇金淋巴瘤細(xì)胞展開(kāi),其可激活基因組內(nèi)上百甚至上千的長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列,。不尋常的是,,這種類(lèi)型的淋巴瘤細(xì)胞并不包含在通常情況下可控制其他B淋巴細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)的生長(zhǎng)因子受體。
淋巴瘤細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)一般情況下取決于調(diào)控其他免疫細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)速率的特定受體,,但這種受體在B淋巴細(xì)胞中并不常見(jiàn),。而在此次實(shí)驗(yàn)中,霍奇金淋巴瘤細(xì)胞出于對(duì)激活垃圾DNA的需要“劫持”了這類(lèi)受體,,從而達(dá)到了對(duì)淋巴瘤細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)的操控效果,。與此同時(shí),科研人員也發(fā)現(xiàn)了同種的長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列可激活大細(xì)胞淋巴瘤中生長(zhǎng)因子受體的證據(jù),。
科學(xué)家表示,,大范圍激活長(zhǎng)末端重復(fù)序列的后果目前還不確定,但這一過(guò)程或可激發(fā)其他類(lèi)型的基因以加快腫瘤的增長(zhǎng)速度,,還可影響淋巴瘤細(xì)胞中染色體的穩(wěn)定性,,而這一因素或可解釋霍奇金淋巴瘤為何能逐步引起染色體的大范圍異常,以及染色體的不斷惡化,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處:
Nature Medicine doi:10.1038/nm.2129
Derepression of an endogenous long terminal repeat activates the CSF1R proto-oncogene in human lymphoma
Bj?rn Lamprecht,Korden Walter,Stephan Kreher,Raman Kumar,Michael Hummel,Dido Lenze,Karl K?chert,Mohamed Amine Bouhlel,Julia Richter,Eric Soler,Ralph Stadhouders,Korinna J?hrens,Kathrin D Wurster,David F Callen,Michael F Harte,Maciej Giefing,Rachael Barlow,Harald Stein,Ioannis Anagnostopoulos,Martin Janz,Peter N Cockerill,Reiner Siebert,Bernd D?rken,Constanze Bonifer& Stephan Mathas
Mammalian genomes contain many repetitive elements, including long terminal repeats (LTRs), which have long been suspected to have a role in tumorigenesis. Here we present evidence that aberrant LTR activation contributes to lineage-inappropriate gene expression in transformed human cells and that such gene expression is central for tumor cell survival. We show that B cell–derived Hodgkin's lymphoma cells depend on the activity of the non-B, myeloid-specific proto-oncogene colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). In these cells, CSF1R transcription initiates at an aberrantly activated endogenous LTR of the MaLR family (THE1B). Derepression of the THE1 subfamily of MaLR LTRs is widespread in the genome of Hodgkin's lymphoma cells and is associated with impaired epigenetic control due to loss of expression of the corepressor CBFA2T3. Furthermore, we detect LTR-driven CSF1R transcripts in anaplastic large cell lymphoma, in which CSF1R is known to be expressed aberrantly. We conclude that LTR derepression is involved in the pathogenesis of human lymphomas, a finding that might have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications.