近日,,來自英國倫敦大學的Helen R. Saibi及其同事研究發(fā)現,,ATP引起的構象改變可以反應出GroEL伴侶蛋白底物結合及折疊機制,。相關論文發(fā)表于3月22日的《細胞》(Cell)上,。
伴侶蛋白是主要的分子機器,,在細胞中為蛋白折疊提供幫助,。它們讓各種各樣的細胞內蛋白通過非特異性機制折疊組裝。目前,,研究最深入的伴侶蛋白是細菌伴侶蛋白GroEL,,它可以幫助初期的或者是在壓力下變性的多肽一步步捆綁然后封裝。非新生的多肽會第一個被捕獲于桶狀結構復合體末端的一個疏水性環(huán)上,。然后,,ATP和輔伴侶蛋白GroES協(xié)同作用,促進了一系列戲劇化的結構域旋轉,,然后多肽從空腔拋出到獨立親水性的腔室結構內折疊,。這個過程的關鍵性步驟在于開放性親水性環(huán)到一個閉合的折疊腔室的轉變,雖然計算方法已經用于預測這些運動的軌道,,然而該機制還未可知,。
研究人員使用了低溫電子顯微鏡,統(tǒng)計分析以及靈活的模擬來解決一系列不同的GroEL-ATP構象,,數據被整理為一個結構域扭轉以及提升的軌道,。數據顯示,起始的構象很有可能是為了捕獲多肽底物,,然后結合結構域通過放射狀的延伸彼此分開,,這個過程中一直保持它們的結合表面朝向腔室,并且它們潛在的運用了機制力強加于捕獲的以及錯誤折疊的底物,。這種延伸的構象同時也提供了一個潛在的GroES錨定位點,,促進完成結構域旋轉形成的動力行程來拋出底物到折疊腔室,。
研究結果表明,單顆粒低溫電子顯微技術鑒定了GroEL伴侶蛋白7個ATP結合的結構,,結構分析表明了結合ATP促使的結構域運動的軌道,,這反應了多肽底物機械性展開的機制。結果表明,,存在一個中間構象同時結合底物及GroES,。(生物谷Deepblue編譯)
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.047
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ATP-Triggered Conformational Changes Delineate Substrate-Binding and -Folding Mechanics of the GroEL Chaperonin
Daniel K. Clare, Daven Vasishtan, Scott Stagg, Joel Quispe, George W. Farr, Maya Topf, Arthur L. Horwich, Helen R. Saibi
The chaperonin GroEL assists the folding of nascent or stress-denatured polypeptides by actions of binding and encapsulation. ATP binding initiates a series of conformational changes triggering the association of the cochaperonin GroES, followed by further large movements that eject the substrate polypeptide from hydrophobic binding sites into a GroES-capped, hydrophilic folding chamber. We used cryo-electron microscopy, statistical analysis, and flexible fitting to resolve a set of distinct GroEL-ATP conformations that can be ordered into a trajectory of domain rotation and elevation. The initial conformations are likely to be the ones that capture polypeptide substrate. Then the binding domains extend radially to separate from each other but maintain their binding surfaces facing the cavity, potentially exerting mechanical force upon kinetically trapped, misfolded substrates. The extended conformation also provides a potential docking site for GroES, to trigger the final, 100 domain rotation constituting the power stroke that ejects substrate into the folding chamber.